Free Writing Essay

Many annoying habits exist and bother so many human beings on earth. This is because there are so many people who are forgetting the importance of having good manners and do not practice it at all (Granato). One of these people is my friend whom I treasure like a family. However, despite her annoying habit, I still remain a true, loving and loyal friend to her. While friends are one of the most important people in one’s life, there are times when they do some things that can be really exasperating and annoying, such as habits that they cannot get rid of which can make one’s nerves and blood boil. In the case of my friend, she has this habit of burping for no reason at all. For instance, she burps while watching a movie, shopping or strolling in the mall, talking, and worst, while and after eating. She considers it as an amazing talent and not a disgusting behavior. On the contrary, she laughs and always feels proud of herself every time she does it. It bothers me a lot, and I feel ashamed of her whenever people around us hear her burp. Thus, I confronted her about her disgusting habit. I told her that having good manners is one of the most important values, and it is something that people should always bring with them wherever they go and whatever they do in their lives. However, it seems that it does not affect her at all. She just said that if I am a true friend, then I would just have to accept her and deal with her annoying habit. After all, I have some habits that annoy her too. Fair enough, I think that she has a point and that she is right on what she said. I probably have a habit that annoys her too or other people and that I am not really aware of. In that sense, having good manners rarely can be found on people, or only a few value it and think that it is still important these days. After all, true friends accept each other’s attitude, manners or behaviors no matter how good or bad it is because true friends never judge nor deny their friends for who they are and what they have or do not have. Consequently, I realized that no matter how annoying the habit of my friend is, I should just accept and deal with it if she really cannot get rid of the habit because for me, friendship is more important than any annoying habits in the world. Works Cited Granato, Sherri. â€Å"11 Highly Annoying Habits of Rude People. † Associated Content. 8 January 2007. 20 January 2009 .

Letter of Advice on Communication Essay

I am honored that you would seek my advice on communication in your relationship. There are many components to good communication, many think that good communication comes naturally. The fact that we have been communicating all of our lives does not mean that we do it well. (Sole, K, 2011 ch1. 1). Communication is complex, it requires many skills and you must be willing to not only practice these, but also continue learning to improve these. There can be many issues while learning to communicate effectively. In order to help you in your quest for knowledge I will go over a few important things I think you should know about interpersonal communication. This advice should help you in your lives together. When it comes to a healthy relationship, effective communication is the cornerstone on which you build it. If you cannot communicate properly, it will have effects in your personal life. When it comes to relationships, effective communication is the most important skill that one can learn. Explain principles and misconceptions in effective interpersonal communications It is important to realize why we communicate. We communicate for a reason. The primary goal of communication is to share meaning and to connect with other people. Understanding these human needs and communication purposes is essential to success as a communicator. (Sole, 2011) There are many purposes for communicating. One of the most basic purposes is to meet personal needs. Humans are social animals; we need to interact with one another. Another purpose is to learn about yourself and others, this is a process that you must continue well into your relationship, I will provide you advice on how to do this. The most important purpose in your case is to build and maintain relationships. Effective communication is the glue that will hold your relationship together. There are certain skills that are required to be an effective communicator. Listening skills are essential research indicates that most people spend more time listening than talking, however most people have had little education on how to be an effective listener. Listening requires focus and attention; failure to listen effectively is one of the key causes of miscommunication. People skills are important to communication as well, this skill requires a wide range of skills in itself. You must be able to determine the appropriate self disclosure, which means how much personal information to share with others, assertion skills, collaborative skills, problem solving skills, and conflict resolution skills. Emotional intelligence is another skill that you must learn. This means understanding emotions and expressing emotions appropriately. Appropriate skill selection is another skill in effective communication; this means the ability to recognize communication problems when they arise. The final critical skill is communicating ethically, this means the ability to understand what constitutes ethical communication. I have given you the basics in order to better explain how effective communication will enhance your relationship. Describe the process by which self concept is developed and maintained It is important in communication to realize who you are as an individual. How you carry yourself can reflect in your interpersonal relationships and communications. Your self-concept is made up several components. You may have a physical self concept, how you look. You may have an academic self-concept; I am a good student for example. The first step to develop and maintain self-concept is to find out what your self-concept is. A good way to do this is to take a pen and paper and write I am on it, and then in ten minutes write as many descriptions of yourself as you can. This will help you realize what you believe about yourself. This can be critical to maintaining a healthy relationship. Self concept is best learned and maintained through interpersonal communication. You construct partially your-self concept by choosing to accept or reject what other people tell you about you. Through communication with others you can use words and actions to influence other people’s opinions of you. Recognize how words have the power to create and affect attitudes, behavior and perception When communicating with each other choose your words wisely. Words are powerful tools; the words you use can have multiple intentions and interpretations. Choosing the wrong words can lead to miscommunication and lead to conflict. Your choice of words reflect your attitude to show an example of this to etter explain the concept, if you work with someone who is particular about things, if you like them you would call them detail oriented, if you don’t you might call them picky or fussy. (Sole, 2011) Both terms have the same meaning, however one has a negative connotation, the other is positive. The words you choose to use will also have an effect on perception of the person you are communicating with, if you realize this it may save a lot of miscommunication conflicts. Evaluate the proper level of self-disclosure in relationships It is important to keep your personal communication going. This means you have to have quality communication beyond about who is going to pick up the kids, pay the bills, or call the grandparents. (Schoenberg, 2011) You have to have quality communication. If you plan to get married and live together for a lifetime, you must continue to show interest and learn about one another. Ask each other random questions, tell your spouse you fears, feelings, doubts and perceptions with each other. Researchers have linked self-disclosure with marital satisfaction. That is why self-disclosure is key to your relationship, you have to take the time for quality communication. Identify barriers to effective interpersonal interactions If you practice your communication skills you can avoid most barriers to your interpersonal interactions. One thing to keep in mind is that researchers found that most couples think that they communicate better than they do (U. S. News and Report, 2011). If you are close in your relationships you may assume that your spouse automatically understands what you mean when you say something. If you say it’s getting hot in here when you are cold, your spouse may think that you are making an amorous advance and may not go turn up the temperature in the house. You must be patient when things like this happen as well and remember that effective communication must be worked at and does not automatically happen. When it comes to relationships effective communication is the most important skill you can learn to keep your relationship alive. If you do not communicate effectively, it can lead to conflicts. These conflicts can cause couples to break up. If you continue to practice your communication skills, you will have a higher chance of having a happy marriage. Good luck and congratulations on your engagement.

Analysis of Japan’s Economic Structure

Analysis of Japans Economic Structure The Japanese economic structure has always been perceived to be both stable and reliable. Despite periods of difficulty, the rules and regulation surrounding the Japanese banking industry have always attempted to deal with any potential problems and to manage them both on an international and national level. However, there is an argument that the stringent nature of the regulation in itself has caused some problems for the sector, with many banks finding themselves in distressed positions having followed the approaches advocated by the central Ministry of Finance. Prior to the difficulties faced in the 1980s, which will be discussed in greater detail later, the Japanese banks largely followed the guidance of the Ministry and felt safe in the knowledge that there was a safety net in place should they fall into financial difficulties. Japanese banking, as a whole, was not particularly profitable and instead operated a cautious, yet extremely stable service. Despite this approach, the Japanese banking sector hit a substantial crisis in the 1980s, shocking not only those within the Japanese banking system, but also those involved in banking arond the globe. By studying the events that caused this period of difficulty and looking more specifically at the activities of one banking group, in particular, it is hoped that lessons can be drawn from the scenario that will prevent similar events happening again. Background to Japanese Banking The bursting of the bubble in the 1980s did not just come from nowhere; in fact, when the banking system within Japan is studied, for many decades before the bubble burst, it is clear to see that the foundations for this difficult time had been laid some considerable time in advance of the events themselves. Post war Japan took a very segmented and internal approach to banking. Very few transactions were conducted internationally, with almost all financing products being offered to Japanese corporations. This worked in the main due t o the mentality of the Japanese people; they were keen savers, therefore, the banks in Japan had a steady flow of funds available to offer financing to Japanese corporations. As a general rule, city banks offered financing to larger corporations, whereas regional banks offered financing to smaller and more local businesses. In fact, international trading was so low down on the agenda that the government used the Bank of Tokyo in the 1950s and 1960s to deal with the foreign exchange needs of the country and to act as the main foreign representative. Banks within Japan worked together, with the long term credit banks offering completely different services to the commercial banks. The banks were very customer orientated, offering financing at incredibly cheap rates to stimulate the economy, often at the expense of the banks’ profitability. All elements of the banking sector were managed closely by the Ministry of Finance which was largely responsible for all rate setting and ban king relationships. Mergers between banks rarely happened and when they did they were often unsuccessful due to the segregated nature of the different banks, thus making it difficult for companies to merge successfully in terms of culture, administration and ethos.

Medieval chinese empire rise and fall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Medieval chinese empire rise and fall - Essay Example raphy, economic system, society and the class structure have always influenced the upheaval of an empire, the role of the military systems has always been considered as the most significant factor that in the first place instigates the rise of an empire. Yet the military power with the superior technology, strategy, tactics, logistics etc has never been counted as the one and only the components of an empire. In an article, â€Å"Empire Builders, Culture Makers, and Culture Imprinters† Charles Issawi refers to the proper role of the military power in the making of an empire in the following rhetorical question, â€Å"Was this achievement because they were more successful as empire builders, that is, they showed greater political and military skill? These factors were certainly important, but they do not exhaust the question.†1 History of the world shows that successful culture builders are also the successful makers of a culture that is committed to the ideal of a unifi ed and single empire. In most cases, it happens that the empire builders have had to depend on a religion as the potential basis of the culture that will ensure commitment of the common people to the unity of the Empire. Religion has always played the role of an effective tool that can intimidate the common people internally with the least possible resentment. Indeed religion has served two-fold purpose: First, it assists the Empire builders to unify the people with one thread and then it helps to create a more stable society based on the fellow feeling, morality, and humanity. But in the imperial history of the world it is evident that religion and religion-based culture have often been manipulated by the rulers in order to tame the subject to a tyrannical end, because â€Å"It [religion] acted upon,† as Viscount Bryce notes, â€Å"the whole mass of a people, and more powerfully upon the lower than upon the more educated class. It touched those whom ordinary political disco ntents or aspirations might

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 15

Leadership - Essay Example apart from the traditional challenges of motivating and developing the workforce, supporting growth and development within the organization and guiding the organization in the right direction even in situations of crisis and contingency. This project aims at discussing an important challenges faced by the 21st century leadership. The report includes an identification of a significant challenge for leadership. The specific challenge selected for the paper is the management of a mobile and diverse workforce. The report includes an overview of leadership followed by a discussion of diversity as a main global challenge in leadership and the need for diversity management in all kinds of locally and internationally functioning organizations. A section encompassing the discussion of the diversity management outlook in the next five years is also included. A case of diversity management through leadership in IBM is used as a real life example to demonstrate the leadership functions related to diversity management within an organization. The report is suitably concluded by summarising the main findings from the overall discussion of the different perspectives of diversity management as a challenge to leadership in organizati ons. The functions of a modern day leader are multifaceted and more complex than those defined as per the norms of traditional leadership. The aspect of leadership within a modern organization includes a consideration of both the complexities and issues within and outside the organization. Inside an organization, leadership involves the management of the workforce, in which they have to create, motivate and lead a heterogeneous and mobile group of people, achieve organizational growth, improve individual and organizational efficiency levels as well as work across the boundaries of the organization (Gentry and Leslie, 2012). Also, from the

Auditing & Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Auditing & Accounting Ethics - Essay Example Auditing has to provide a reasonable assurance that financial statements(balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement) are free from material misstatements and present It is important to understand that auditing does not involve preparation of financial statements. The preparation of financial statement is an altogether different function and that is the responsibility of the management. An independent auditor’s report very clearly states this fact at the very start of the report. â€Å"It is management and/ or the directors of a company who are responsible for the preparation of financial statements which comply with relevant regulations and reflect the financial position of the company. Therefore certain elements of the preparation of company’s financial statements may be viewed as undertaking management functions and hence create a potential threat to the audit firm’s independence.(CISPA Guidance Note 6, page 1)i Generally audit is conducted to ensure that clerical accuracy of book keeping functions and the drawn accounting analysis there from. But the management may draw certain specific purposes of auditing besides reasonably ensuring true and financial position and results of financial performances. These purposes may be detection of frauds, valuing firm in a merger or take over scheme, the determination of rights at dissolution and like that. Financial statements are prepared adhering applicable GAAP. The purpose of auditing statements prepared under GAAP is to provide an independent opinion about the material misstatements in financial statement prepared as per GAAP. There may also be auditing other than expressing an independent opinion about misstatements. The purposes of such auditing are specific and predetermined by the management. As per John P Wilson and Ebrary (2006)ii these specific auditing purposes are: Independence of auditors is the most hotly discussed subject after the occurrences of scandals like Enron and other. In

Case study report Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case study report - Statistics Project Example   This paper will review some of the key elements of the law. These elements include: Since the enactment of the proposition 209, diversity in Californian schools has marginally decreased and the amendment is aimed at increasing cultural diversity in Californias higher education institutions. A key analysis of the topic, however, indicates that there is a possibility that the introduction of the act would not only hinder the progress and development of diversity in Californian institutions, but also would primarily motivate racial profiling in the public school system. Regardless, this does not automatically make Proposition 209 more appropriate than SCA5. Even so, it shows that the policy has been effective and as such, there is no need to eradicate it completely from the system.    The first reason why the amendment would not be introduced effectively into the system is the consideration of the various changes that have taken place since the enactment of the Proposition 209, that hindered all Californian offices, schools and employment opportunities from considering race, sex, gender and age when selecting people. Currently, several universities around the country practice the affirmative action clause proposed by the amendment, but these same universities have not violated the Equal Protection Rights (Joe Gardner’s State Assembly, 2014).    The blacks, the Hispanics and the Asian-Americans are the worst affected if the bill is passed. Primarily, the racial profiling or preference in the selection, according to the proposing parties, would allow schools to slowly select and promote an equal selection criterion if properly enforced. The enactment of the policy, which directly opposes the Proposition 209, which was enacted in 1996 and which has been a little fruitful now. Most people fail to see the reason

SWOT Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

SWOT Analysis - Essay Example It is done, to maintain a very good relationship with the patients so as to retain them for longer period of time. It might prove effective for the organization of Mayo clinic so as to enhance its reputation and demand in the market among others. High brand image- the news paper of United States described the organization of Mayo Clinic as a provider of integrated care services to its patients. As a result of which, the patients are extremely satisfied and pleased with the services of the hospital resulting in amplification of its position and market share among other contenders. Along with this, it might also prove effective in amplifying its reputation and patient base in future era thereby reducing the fear of new entrants. Large presence- the organization of Mayo Clinic is also present in three major metropolitan locations such as Rochester (Minnesota), Jacksonville (Florida), and Phoenix (Arizona). Therefore, due to the presence of the organization of Mayo Clinic in various locations, the patients might very easily reach it to attain varied types of services at an effective cost among others. Huge employees- the organization of Mayo Clinic also comprises of huge range of employees so as to offer value-added services to its patients. And this might help the organization to enhance its image and market share among other rival players. Competitive cost- the organization of Mayo Clinic also offers varied types of services to its patients at a quite effective cost. This acted as one of the most important strength for the organization of Mayo Clinic among others. Less number of doctors- the organization of Mayo Clinic fails to offer varied types of medical practitioners to its patients at appropriate time-period and so, a huge range of patients gets dissatisfied. This hinders the reputation and market value of the

Effects of Bullying on Student Attendance Dissertation

Effects of Bullying on Student Attendance - Dissertation Example Written permission from each student’s parent or guardian is required prior to the student participating in the study. The parents will be provided with the following background information: â€Å"Bullying is a serious problem in our schools that requires more study and attention. The incidence of bullying has been linked to poor school attendance. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is indeed an association between bullying and poor attendance at school. In order to conduct this study, we are asking for permission to interview your student to determine whether he or she has issues with bullying. Fifty to one hundred students in grades four to six will be interviewed. If our study shows a relationship between bullying and attendance, we hope that more resources will be allocated towards working to resolve the problem of bullying in the schools.† Interview questions with the students will not involve asking them directly if they believe they are bullied. Rather, the interviewee will ask specific questions regarding whether the student has had certain feelings and experiences. Many times the student does not realize that he or she is a victim of bullying, especially if it is a combination of seemingly minor incidents and it is non-physical. The questions will be asked in a conversational way, so the children do not feel threatened by the procedure. Through a supportive conversation, the following information would be asked of them:

Pollution and Transport.Docx Uploaded Successfully Essay Example for Free

Pollution and Transport.Docx Uploaded Successfully Essay Topic essay: types of pollution Industrilization is more and more developing. This accompanied by pollution. The three main types of environmental pollution are land pollution, air pollution, water pollution. The first type of pollution is land pollution. Land pollution is the earrth’s surface and soil, directly or indirectly as a result of human activities. The earth’s natural land is surface by industrial, commercial, domestic and angricultural activities. The second types of pollution is air pollution. Air pollution is pollution of the air which can affect the health, surviral or activities of many organism’s, including humans. Pollution of the air is the accumulation of hazardous substances into the atmosphere that danger human life and other living matter. The final types of pollution is water pollution. Water pollution is the introduction of chemical, biological and physical matter into large bodies of water that degrade the quality of life . that live in it and consumes it. Water pollution can also make water unsuited for the desired use. In conclusion, environment is very important to our live. Without land, we wouldn’t have the foods to eat. Without air, we couldn’t be able to breathe. Without water, we couldn’t live more than 5 days. Topic essay: The important of transportation Transportation is very important to any nation. All towns produce or need products. Those products must get there somehow. There are three main important of transportation: reduce the physical separation of different countries, one of the importance aids to trade and help people transfer easier. Firstly, transport reduce the physical separation of different countries. nowadays we can travel easier by air plant or the other transport from a country to another country.. Even we can travel to the other planet with transport. We just take about 1, 2 hours or more to transfer from a place to another place instead of 1 day, 1 weeks or more . Secondly, transport is one of the importance aids to trade. All trade of wealth and productive labor involves transportation, whether it is the movement of goods or the movement of people from their homes to their jobs or their  homes to the places where they shop. In other words, the global society would not have comfort and convenience had it not been for advancements in the transportation sector. Trade is essential to economic vitality, and transportation is essential to trade. There would not have been any great infrastructure, industrialisation, or massive production, if transportation was incompetent. Finally, transport help people transfer easier. It’s so easy to move around on transport. Without air plant, train or the other transport, this would so difficult to transfer, travel or trade. In conclusion, Nothing is more important to civilization than transportation and communication. Trade is essential to economic vitality, and transportation is essential to trade.

Ionising Radiation Treatment for Food Preservation

Ionising Radiation Treatment for Food Preservation Xinhao DAI Introduction (principles how it works) Irradiation (gamma rays, electrons or X-rays) is applied to foods for promoting food safety and eliminating and reducing pests that are harmful to plants and plants products ((EFSA), 2011). The first use of food irradiation occurred in 1957 in Germany, in which a spice manufacturer in Stuttgart started to improve the hygienic quality of its products by irradiating them with electrons, using a van de Graaff generator. After some hesitations whether to grant permissions for marketing irradiated food, the International Project in the Field of Food Irradiation (IFIP) was created in 1970, aiming to carry out a worldwide research program on the health safety of irradiated food (Diehl, 2002). The committee concluded in 1980 that the irradiation of any food commodity up to an overall average dose of 10kGy presented no toxicological hazard and no special nutritional or microbiological problems (WHO, 1981). The International Consultative Group on Food Irradiation (ICGFI) was created in 1983, now supported by 45 member countries, and provides publications on the safety of irradiated food, the effectiveness of food irradiation, commercialization of the process, legislative aspects, control of irradiation facilities, and acceptance of the information on food irradiation(Diehl, 2002). As ionizing radiation passes through food, it creates a trail of chemical transformations by primary and secondary radiolysis effects. The extent of chemical reactions induced by irradiation in food components depends on following variables: irradiation treatment conditions (absorbed dose, dose rate, facility type), presence or absence of oxygen, temperature as well as composition of food. The main reported radiolytic products are certain hydrocarbons and 2-alkylcylobutanones produced from the major fatty acids in food, and some cholesterol oxides and furans ((EFSA), 2011). Application to Food Preservation All irradiated foods are supposed to have a label (G.H. Zhou, 2010). The irradiation technology was promoted by the FAO in the Codex Alimentarius in 2003 and has been well accepted in 50 countries. Irradiation technology is used worldwide to sterilize medical devices and pharmaceuticals, preserve artefacts, process cosmetics, packaging and food, and enable material improvements in consumer and manufactured goods ((EFSA), 2011). The following types of ionizing radiations are covered by international standards of the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission and are therefore internationally recognized for the treatment of foods and permissible under Directive 1992/2/EC concerning foods and food ingredients treated with ionizing radiation: Gamma rays with energies of 1.17 and 1.33 MeV8 as emitted by the radionuclide cobalt-60 (Co-60) or gamma rays of 0.66 MeV as emitted by caesium-137 (Cs-137); Electrons (electron beams, E-beams) generated from machine courses operated at or below an energy level of 10 MeV; or X-rays generated from machine sources operated at or below an energy level of 5 MeV ((EFSA), 2011). The irradiation technology is highly efficient of inactivating bacteria, and the product is essentially chemically unaltered and the appreciable thickness materials, which can be used after packaging. It is non-thermal, thus it wont change the freshness and nutritional quality of the meat and meat products, though color change may occur due to the inherent susceptibility of the myoglobin molecule to energy input and alterations in the chemical environment.(G.H. Zhou, 2010). The radiation treatment results in no loss of thiamine, which is one of the least stable vitamins (Graham, 1998). Disinfestation of papayas and other exotic fruits (rambutan, lychee, star fruit, atemoya) by irradiation process in Hawaii for shipment to US mainland enabled Hawaiian exports to offer products with higher quality, instead of steam heating them for several hours (Diehl, 2002). Degradation products of parathion formed by irradiation seem to protect against a decline of antioxidant capacity and reduce polyphenolic loss. Ionizing radiation was found to be useful in breaking down pesticides residues without inducing significant loss of polyphenols (Issam Ben Salem, 2013). Gamma irradiation was effective in delaying deterioration reactions, improving microbiological, chemical, and color quality of vacuum-packed squid rings stored at 4-5  °C (Yeannes, 2012). Safety World Health Organization encourages the use of food irradiation, which is described as ‘a technique for preserving and improving the safety of food’ (WHO, 1988). However, the high radiation doses up to 25 kGy produced a statistically significant (p While inoising radiation being an effective method to reduce pathogenic E.coli O157: H7 in meat and poultry products (E. Mayer-Miebach and Schuchmann, 2005), Bacillus cereus LSPQ and Salmonella Typhi ATCC 19430 are radiotolerant bacteria (Samia Ayari, 2009). A recent research studied the effect of irradiation by dufferent irradiation types (gamma and electron beam), irradiation doses (1, 3, 7 and 10 kGy) and does rates (5kGy s-1 for electron beam and 0,4 1.85 kGy h-1 for gamma) on fifteen retail packaging materials. The results confirmed that irradiation-induced changes do occur in substances with the potential to migrate and that the safety of the finished packaging material following irradiation showed be assessed (M. Driffielda, 2014). Other study showed gamma-radiation did not affect the kinetics of plasticizer migration. On the contrary, electron-beam radiation produced shorter equilibration times for all food-simulating solvents tested at 40  °C. The values are far below the European Union restriction (1mg Kg-1 body weight) for ATBC and PVC. Thus PVC cling film may be used in food irradiation application in contact with aqueous foodstuffs (P.D. Zygoura, May 2011). Some studies indicate that at least some alkylcyclobutanones can induce DNA damage in vivo. No in vivo genotoxicity studies are available; however, the Panel considers a genotoxic hazard in humans unlikely. The only new contrary evidence was leukoenohalomyelopathy in cats, which have been fed mainly, or exclusively with highly irradiated feed (>25kGy). The finding has only been reported with cats, dogs consumed the same pet food did not show the disease in one report. A clear mechanistic explanation in terms if risk assessment has not been established yet ((EFSA), 2011). Suitability Due to the opposition from some very influential anti-irradiation activist groups an the uncertain about the acceptance of irradiated commodities by consumers, for many years, only spices and seasonings are still being irradiated worldwide on a significant scale. The irradiation of meat and meat products in USA requires prior approval not only by FDA, but also by US Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) (Diehl, 2002). Conclusion The ionizing radiation works by passing through food, creating a trail of chemical transformations by primary and secondary radiolysis effects. The irradiation technology can be used on fruits, vegetables, meat products, and spices. It is highly efficient of inactivating bacteria, disinfestation with minimum influence of nutritional factors of food to achieve longer shelf life and better food quality. However, some studies showed migration of some packaging material with aqueous foodstuff after irradiation. The development and permeation of ionizing irradiation become very slow due to vocal anti-irradiation activist groups and uncertain about the acceptance of irradiated commodities by consumers. References (EFSA), E. F. S. A. 2011. Scientific Opinion on the Chemical Safety of Irradiation of Food. EFSA Journal, 9. DIEHL, J. F. 2002. Food irradiationFpast, present and future. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 63, 211-215. E. MAYER-MIEBACH, M. R. S., U. ESCHRIG, L. DENIAUD, D.A.E. EHLERMANN, SCHUCHMANN, H. P. 2005. Inactivation of a non-pathogenic strain of E. coli by ionising radiation. Food Control, 16, 701-705. G.H. ZHOU, X. L. X., Y. LIU 2010. Preservation technologies for fresh meat – A review. Meat Science, 86, 119-128. GRAHAM, W. D., STEVENSON, M. H., STEWART, E. M. 1998. Effect of irradiation dose and irradiation temperature on the thiamin content of raw and cooked chicken breast  meat. Journal of the Science of Food Agriculture, , 78, 559-564. IRENE GALA ÃÅ' N, M. L. G. A. M. D. S. 2011. Effects of ionising irradiation on quality and sensory attributes of ready-to-eat dry fermented sausages enriched with folic acid. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 46, 469-477. ISSAM BEN SALEM, S. F., HAITHAM SGHAIER, MEHREZ BOUSSELMI, MOULDI SAIDI, AHMED LANDOULSI, SAMI FATTOUCH 2013. Effect of ionising radiation on polyphenolic content and antioxidant potential of parathion-treated sage (Salvia officinalis) leaves. Food Chemistry, 141, 1398-1405. M. DRIFFIELDA, E. L. B., I. LEONA, L. LISTER, D.R. SPECK, L. CASTLE AND E.L.J. POTTER 2014. Analytical screening studies on irradiated food packaging. Food Additives Contaminants, 31, 556-565. P.D. ZYGOURA, E. K. P. A. M. G. K. May 2011. Effect of ionising radiation treatment on the specific migration characteristics of packaging–food simulant combinations: effect of type and dose of radiatio. Food Additives and Contaminants, 28, 686-694. PANAGIOTA D. ZYGOURA, E. K. P., MICHAEL G. KONTOMINAS 2011. Migration levels of PVC plasticisers: Effect of ionising radiation treatment. Food Chemistry, 128, 106-113. SAMIA AYARI, D. D., MATHIEU MILLETTE, MOKHTAR HAMDI, MONIQUE LACROIX 2009. Changes in membrane fatty acids and murein composition of Bacillus cereus and Salmonella Typhi induced by gamma irradiation treatment. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 135, 1-6. WHO 1981. WholesomenessofIrradiatedFood. Technical Report Series 659. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO 1988. FoodI rradiation.A Technique for Preserving and Improving the Safety of Food. Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization. YEANNES, A. T. M. A. I. 2012. Gamma radiation effect on quality changes in vacuum-packed squid (Illex argentinus) mantle rings during refrigerated (4–5  °C) storage. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 47, 1550-1557.

Alls Well That Ends Well as Fairy Tale and Morality Play :: Alls Well That Ends Well Essays

All's Well That Ends Well as Fairy Tale and Morality Play Shakespeare employed two ancient story-telling forms in writing All's Well That Ends Well. One, the fairy tale, he inherited from his source. The other, the morality play, he worked into the story. The type of fairy and folk tales of which All's Well That Ends Well is an example are known as Virtue stories. These are composed of two major sections: The Healing Of The King and The Fulfillment Of The Tasks. These tales can be found in the early literature of cultures the world over and have two qualities in common: the cleverness and devotion of the woman sent by her husband to perform the tasks, and the husband's immediate acceptance of the fulfillment of the tasks as evidence of the wife's courage and love. The Healing Of The King in All's Well is a variation of a common popular theme: a hero wins the hand of the king's daughter by performing a difficult task, in which failure will cost him his life. Boccaccio and Shakespeare add interest by switching the genders of the characters. Shakespeare also drew on the morality plays, a popular medieval theatrical form in which characters representing good and evil struggle for the soul of the hero. In All's Well Shakespeare has created similar relationships by adding the character of Parolles. Parolles acts as Vice personified, and Helena acts as Divine Grace. Together they struggle for the soul of Bertram, unredeemed man. Shakespeare carefully weaves these two forms together at two major points in the action. Helena's healing of the king operates on the level of fairy tale and carries hints of the miraculous as well. Lafeu calls it "A showing of a heavenly effect in an earthly actor." At the end of the play, Bertram's acceptance of Helena fits the Virtue story form. It also reflects the point in morality plays when unredeemed man, burdened by sin and about to be carried off to the everlasting torments of hell, calls for mercy. However, unlike the characters in morality plays and fairy tales, Shakespeare's characters are realistic in their motivations and behavior. Can a fairy tale work in the complex lives of real people?

Supernatural in Shakespeares Macbeth - Power of the Witches :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Power of the Witches in Macbeth      Ã‚   Myths and religions often include divine or devilish beings with incredible powers. William Shakespeare incorporated witches with bizarre powers in his play, Macbeth. These witches possessed devilish powers to set the course of events in the plot and added to the flavor of the story. The witches' powers included omnientness, vision and apparition creation, and the ability to set the conditions for disaster, and the utilization of these abilities sets the movement of the play.    As opening characters in the story, the witches establish the major theme of the tale and predict future events. Upon hinting of their insight to the end of the war and revealing their relationship with demonic forces, the witches call out, "Fair is foul, and foul is fair,"(I, i, 12). In his first meeting with the Weird Sisters, Banquo questions the witches powers and asks, "If you can look into the seeds of time and say which will grow and which will not?"(I, iii, 65). The witches prophecies linger through the story and reveal their accuracy, and Banquo takes notice and comments to Macbeth, "I dreamt last night of the three Weird Sisters. To you they have showed some truth,"(II, i, 25). The witches prophecies place an underlying thought in Macbeth and Banquo's minds and hide there throughout their actions with an ever-present influence.    Another influential power of the Weird Sisters was their ability to create visions and apparitions. Early in the murder scene of Duncan, Macbeth sees a bloody dagger   and in a phantasmagoric state, remarks, "Thou marshal'st me the way that I was going, / And such an instrument I was to use,"(II, i, 51). Macbeth also states, "Witchcraft celebrates Pale Hecate's offerings,"(II, i, 60). Both of these statements may suggest a supernatural force in the affair. The witches' powers also extend to the summoning of apparitions that foretell future events. The three apparitions tell Macbeth, "Beware the Thane of Fife,"(IV, i, 81), "none of woman born / Shall harm Macbeth," (IV, i, 91), and "Macbeth shall never be vanquished be until / Great Birnham Wood to high Dunsinane Hill / Shall come against him,"(IV, i, 106). These visions and apparitions, as seen later on, have a profound effect on Macbeth's actions.    The most significant power of the Weird Sisters lies in their ability to set the conditions for disaster.

How Useful Are the 4Ps to Marketing Managers Today ? Essay -- product,

Marketing managers use marketing mix as a business tool in marketing. Marketing mix synonymous with the 4Ps which were amended and listed by Eugene McCarthy as Product, Place , Price and Promotion. First of all, Product refers to the product should fit the task the target consumers want it for, it should work , and it should be what the consumers expected to get. For instance, its packaging, labeling and offering. Therefore, this always remind marketing managers need to do careful research on how long the life cycle of the product is likely to be and focus their attention on different challenges that they are facing when they are developing the product. Secondly, Place (distribution) means that the way in which the product meets customers’ needs, the product should be easy for the consumers to shop. This may be a high street shop, mail order through a catalogue or it may even be doorstep delivery. Various strategies such as intensive distribution, selective distribution, exclusive distribution and franchising can be used by the marketing managers to complement the other aspects of the 4Ps. Thirdly, Price refers to the product should always be seen as representing good value for money. However, this does not mean that it should be the cheapest available, one of the main tenets of the marketing concept is that customers are usually prepared to pay a little more for something that really works well for them. The price is very important as being determined , it may affect the demands, sales ,the company's profit and hence, survival. Adjusting the price has a profound impact on the marketing strategy. There are 3 basic pricing strategies : market skimming pricing, market penetration pricing and neutral pricing. The 'reference val... ...personnel who will be responsible for analysis, planning and implementation. "The enterprise set up marketing department or sales department to undertake the marketing functions ,sometimes it would hire some experts from outside to engage in certain activities, such as market analysts and advertising experts. As a result, people in other area in the enterprise would decoupling from the marketing area ,at the meantime, the marketing managers are not involved in product design, production, delivery, customer service,advice handling and other activities "(Christion Gronroos, 1994), thus leading to potential conflicts between each functional department. "If the company produces the appropriate products, set appropriate prices, use appropriate distribution channels, and supported by appropriate promotional activities, then the company will success "(Kotler, 2001).

Poetic Edda and Prose Edda Essay

Poetic Edda and Prose Edda are the two most popular (and deemed to be the most comprehensive) representation of Norse mythology. These two works are written on the same line of interest; but on different periods. The Poetic Edda is much older than Prose Edda; because of this most Norse mythology experts pertain to Poetic Edda as the elder Edda and younger Edda for the Prose Edda. It is worthwhile to note that the term prose was only attached to the Prose Edda to distinguish it from the Poetic Edda. Even if the underlying logics behind these works are similar, they are different in terms of the manner by which they chose to discuss the specifications of Norse mythology. Uncovering the similarities and differences of these two works will be the basic foothold of this paper in tackling Norse mythology through its general nature of deism, and even through its very specific citation of events and characters that created both the mysticism and belief in it. Generally speaking, the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda are different from each other, because of the literary arrangement inherent to these texts. The ways that these pieces are structured follow the conventions of both poetry and prose writing. From the free verses of a prose up to the almost rhythmic and tune bound poem, these two pioneers of Norse mythology represents different ways of passing on Norse mythology. However, this is not the nature of similarities and differences that this paper would seek to delve into. Instead, a closer analysis on the evolutionary pattern discernable from these texts will be explained and expounded in this paper. The reason for this is simple; these works have been written on a long differentiated timeline which can further imply that the details of these texts may pertain to similar message but by being modified to the present day forms of literature and even to the present day conventions. Adding up to its primary objective, this paper would also try to establish a more elaborate manner of relating such changes to the general aspects of Norse mythology. The Elder Edda and the Younger Edda The Younger Edda or the Prose Edda is dated approximately around 1220. It was said to be written by one of the pioneers of Nordic mythology, Snorri Sturluson. Prose Edda as established earlier is the younger version of the Poetic Edda; following this line of logic, it can be said that the Poetic Edda, even if without a specific date of writing and compilation, started to exist earlier than the 13th century. It can even be further said that the authorship of the Poetic Edda as far as history and attribution is concerned up to today is still a very big mystery. As said in the earlier parts of this paper, the similarities and differences of these two major Nordic mythology pieces of literature will pave the way for a better understanding not only of the Nordic mythology, but also of the evolution of literature in general. For the sake of organization, this paper will explain the justifications it will use to establish such an evolution through the basic information discernable from these literatures. Notes on the start of human and gods’ existence, the existence of mythical creatures and on the basic nature of gods which can be found in both Prose and Poetic Eddas will be used in this paper. On the Start of Human and Gods’ Existence Following the Poetry Edda or the Elder Edda the basic aspects of the start of human and gods’ existence can be best understood through its poem titled the Seeress’ Prophecy or Sybil’s Prophecy. The visionary in this poem prophesized that process of creation, destruction and renewal can be seen in the first stanzas of the poem (Bellows n. pag. ). In a way the seeress saw the creation of the whole world in a very chaotic setting. The strong tensions with the houses of Esir and Vanir are included in her prophecy, alongside with the destiny of their conciliation. She equally foresaw the trickery of Loki and the punishment accorded to the crime to be done. This setting is even put more value through the citation that the long brewing war between gods and giants will only result to their equal destruction. However, the seeress still shone a sign of hope by stating that good things are still destined to arise from the primary disasters essential to the formation of the whole world (Bellows n. pag. ). However, in this part of the poetic Edda the seeress also foresaw a glint of good and desirable things such as the famous golden halls of the dwarves (Bellows n. pag. ). There is also an imminent sense of redemption which can be seen in this part of the Poetic Edda, the tragedies that she foresaw will be countered by an inevitable rise of another parch of green earth after the total destruction of everything that is considerably bad (Bellows n. pag. ). The same can be discerned from the Prose Edda as translated by Brodeur, life started from an almost dramatic unfolding of every single feature of the whole earth. From the simple grass to the deepest depths of the see, the whole world was formed in a high level of likeness (Sturluson 7-11). Odin as the head of both lands and humans journeyed to establish the kingdom that he assigned to twelve dooms men (Sturluson 12). Everything is specifically created accordingly, as narrated in the Prose Edda the beauty of the whole world even transcend up to the descendants of the gods alongside with the other beautiful things in the world. However, bad things appear to be an inevitable part of the whole world. The existence of these negative things is cited in the Prose Edda through the coming into life of creatures of worse nature as compared to those that are created out of the creatures which are created in the likeness of the gods. The existence of these bad natured creatures further resulted to the turning of negative events such as war, trickery and chaos as seen in the section of the book, Gylfaginning. Even if gods may experience their downfalls because of their own doings, there is still hope for redemption. Such as seen in the latter parts of this section of the book, balance was restored, even if it took a high toll on each of those that seek to return balance to the whole world (Sturluson 56-58). Happiness such as the regaining of the domains of the gods’ sons and daughters is a turning point for the redemption of the whole world from the horrors it suffered from the bad natured characters in the prose (Sturluson 58). The Existence of Mythical Creatures The recognition that creatures of other nature exist can be discerned from both Poetic and Prose Edda. These creatures when compared to the present day conventions of being human can be considered as mythical in nature. The common classification of these creatures is the dwarves, elves and giants; each accorded with their very own nature of interest and characterization (Bellows n. pag. ). General characterizations on these individuals can be seen in the Poetic Edda. However, more detailed characterization of these kinds of creatures can be seen in the Prose Edda. The differentiation that Struluson put on the different norns shows that such creatures exist (28). The three basic kinds of norn such being the gods, elves and dwarves can be seen also be seen in the Prose Edda similar to that of the Poetic Edda (Sturluson 28). The Basic Nature of the Gods In the Poetic Edda, the basic nature of the gods can be seen in the poem Sayings of the High One. In this poem Odin was characterized through the exposition that it is plausible that gods have a strong will in imposing what they have to say (Bellows n. pag. ). The importance put by Odin on the need to put value on his teachings show that it is within the nature of gods to put the notion of death behind their subjects and replace it with a stance not only of belief, but even the highest sense of reverence. It can be quoted that Odin stated that death is irrelevant and even immaterial to the whole act of believing. On the other hand, the nature of the gods can be discerned from the Prose of Edda through the long characterization of each god provided in the prose. Odin for example is treated as the All Mighty who governs all; this is followed by the characterization on other gods as his children (Sturluson 26). This characterizations found in the prose can also be considered as the representation of a divided rule among the gods; each god is accorded with his or her own power. The practice of those power even if subjected to the guides of Odin is sole to that god alone; this characterization of gods even set up the stage for the perfect chaos and struggle in the world. Conclusion: After explaining the basic specific details which can be seen in the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda this paper comes to the need to conclude its discussions. In line with this, this paper conclusively implies that the Prose Edda is indeed as modification of the Elder or Poetic Edda. The Prose Edda being a simple result of the modification of the anonymously written Poetic Edda. The modifications experienced by the Poetic Edda can be deemed to have evolved to become a more detailed version and an almost Christian version in the form of the Prose Edda. In terms of detailed discussions it can be said that it can be possibly attributed to the fact that the prose in terms of literary value is freer as compared to that of poems. However, the Christian nature which can be discerned from the Prose Edda can result from the Christianization in the European countries. The Christian values may have been integrated by Struluson which makes the Prose Edda more Christianized as compared to that of the Poetic Edda. Nonetheless, the main teachings including all connotative definitions which can be found in both Prose Edda and Poetic Edda are undeniably similar with differences only up to the extent that the Prose Edda is a result of the evolution of the Poetic Edda. In a way it can be concluded that the Prose Edda is not just a contemporary version of the Poetic Edda, but also a more modern type of the Poetic Edda in terms of being integrated with Christianity. Bibliography Bellows, Henry Adams. The Poetic Edda. New York: Princeton University Press, 1936. Sturluson, Snorri. The Prose Edda translated by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur. London: Oxford University Press, 1916.

Premature Babies

Premature babies are babies born before 37 weeks. For some babies they are born closer to their due dates and suffer from little to no consequences of being born preterm. Preterm infants is another word for premature that is defined as any infant born before their due date. Where as the term small-for-date refers to babies that are born at the desired due date, but are below the expected weight for the length of time spent in the womb. About 500,00 babies are born prematurely in the United States alone. Many premature babies are forced to spend extended times in hospitals and suffer from health problems that can affect later life. Premature infants need more intensive and immediate care than full term infants to help recovery and survival.Certain activities or health problems put a women at greater risk for having a preterm infant. Some women have no signs that they are going to deliver preterm. Some of the risks of having a preterm infant include multiple births and in vitro fertili zation. Mothers carrying more than one baby have a greater risk of having a their babies born premature or small-to-date. Also women that do not get proper prenatal care put themselves at greater risk to have a preterm infant. Unfortunantley, some women cant afford the prenatal care necessary for the developing fetus or are not educated about behavior needed for a healthy pregnancy. They may not visit their doctor to help monitor the developing fetus and they may not being eating right.Some mothers develop eating disorders because they feel their bodies are changing and they think they are fat or unattractive. These women put their unborn baby in danger because they deprive the infant of the necessary nutrients needed for proper growth and devlopement. Mothers that are overweight or underweight at conception also put their fetus at risk for being premature. Drug use, as in cigarettes and alcohol increase the risk of having a preterm baby, along with having a baby born with illnesses . Cigarettes use during pregnancy increases risks of asthma and difficulties breathing.The more  cigarettes a mother smokes while pregnant, increases the risks, even if the the mother quits in her third trimester of pregnancy she could still reduce the risk of premature birth of her baby and health issues associated with smoking. Mothers who drink alcohol while pregnant increase the risks of premature births along with birth defects that are visible. Babies born to alcoholic parents suffer from Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) which has physical abnormalities and issues with memory, language and communication. Another factor that can increase risk for having a premature infant is illegal drug use.About 4% of expecting mothers in the United States use mood altering drugs , like cocaine and heroin. Babies born from drug using parents are greater at risk for premature birth, breathing diffiiculties, physical defects and death shortly after birth. The infants are born addicted to the subs tance the mother was using and become irritable and stressed when the drug supply from the mother is cut off. Drug use is linked to memory, language and motor development impairment is young childhood and academic issues. High blood pressure and diabetes also increase the risk of having a premature baby.Stress can also bring about a premature birth. For other women, they may have no signs of having a premature baby and don’t engage in any risky behavior during pregnancy , and still deliver babies prematurely. Infants born prematurely need more care after birth to make sure they are able to survive and they have to be accessed for any abnormalities.After birth premature babies are immediately put in incubators to keep the baby’s body temperature warm as they are rushed to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In the NICU they recieve specialized attention and monitoring to make sure the infant survives. Monitor systems are usually hooked up to baby’s chest to monitor breathing, heart rate, temperature. If the infant is having difficulty breathing, then the nurses in the NICU hook the baby up to a ventilator to help breathing stability. If the baby is weak and unable to breast feed or bottle feed, then IV fluid treatment is used to keep the baby hydrated along with feeding tube insertion.Feeding tubes go through the infants nose and the tube travels to stomach to ensure the nutrients are getting into the infant. Nurses, Doctors and staff in the NICU work around the clock to ensure that babies vitals are stable and the infant  is surviving. Babies born premature and jaundice are placed under bilirubin lights that help the infant break down excess bilirubin that builds up because the liver is not breaking in down. In some cases infants are given medications to help stabilize them.Liquid surfactants are spayed into the lungs to help under developed lungs develop. Antibiotics are given to infants that are at risk of infections or suffering from infections. Medications that increase urine production called duretics are used to help the lungs and circulation. Medications are also given to strenghten breathing and heart rate. Infant’s care is all specified to their particular illness and situation and the staff at the NICU work hard to be able to stabilize the babies for return to their mothers and family. Babies born prematurely require more hospitalization and treatment then babies born normal term.Luckily advances in technology have increased survival in infants born prematurely. The longer the pregnancy, the greater the chance of survival is. The development of new technology and creation of NICU in hospitals allows for proper and better treatment of infants born prematurely. 90% of babies born at 28 weeks survive and more extreme cases or premature babies are surviving with the modern medicine advancements in hospitals. Being born premature can affect future mental, developmental, and behavior problems that a ffect early childhood or become permanent. Doctors have no way of determining how prematurity will affect later development and growth.Premature babies can suffer from health issues upon arrival into the world. Some premature infants develop Apnea. Apnea causes delayed breathing for 20 seconds or more and can also affect heart rate by decreasing it dramatically. Babies with Apnea are closely monitored and hooked up to breathing and monitoring devices to keep track of the infants breathing. Infants born prior to 34 weeks usually do not have fully developed lungs which makes them have Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In RDS the baby cannot breath properly because they do not have a specific protein called surfactant. Surfactant is a protein that keeps small air sacs in the lungs from collapsing. Infants with RDS are immediatley rushed to NICU and treated.Another lung issue can be bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which is  when babies have damage or fluid in their lungs. Another health problem is Intraventicular hemorrage (IVH). This is when the infants brain has internal bleeding which normally occurs near the ventricles near the center of the brain. Ventricles are spaces in the brain that are filled with fluid. These babies also need immediate emergency care. Some premature babies suffer from heart issues like Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA). This condition is when the connection between the ductus and the arteriosus is not closed properly causing breathing problems and even heart failure.Intestinal issues are sometimes also prevalent such as Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This health problem causes a swollen belly and diarrhea and can appear 2 to 3 weeks after birth. Some infants are born anemic and do not have healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the body. Treatment sometimes involves blood transfusions. Other premature infants are born with jaundice which is when the liver does not function properly and babies are yellow in apperance. Babies are put in the bilirupin light incubators to help control and treat the issue. Premature babies can also be born with multiple infections such as pneumonia, meningtitis and sepsis. Premature babies require more attention then full term healthy babies.Infants born premature are also subject to issues later on in life. Studies show that babies born prematurely are more likely to get lower test scores in math and reading, than babies born full term. A study published in 2011 analyzed long term effects of cognitive abilities such as memory and attention span. In the study the researchers concluded that babies born extremely premature did worse on function test and took more time to complete IQ tests. Also adults that took IQ test scored an average of 8.4 points lowers than adults born full term.Another study conducted that babies born between 22 and 25 weeks where at risk for developing neurological impairments around 4 to 8 years old. In 2012 researchers from the University College London Institute for Women’s health reported that even with advances in technology, the long term of effects of being born prematurely have not changed in the past decades. Advances in technology have increased survival rate in in infants born prematurely, but have not been able to change the issues with cognitive functions and higher risk for particular disorders.Infants born prematurely are more likley to have  weaker immune systems and develop respiratory issues, like asthma. This can be costly for the parents and in some cases lead to early death. Increases in NICU staff and technology have helped the premature babies and decrease many issues that used to be fatal. Unfortunately some issues still arise in later life due to lack of cognitive and physical development at birth. Premature babies need more care than full term babies because they are still fragile and some are barley ready for survival outside of the womb.Premature births occur every day and steps can be taking to decrease the risks, but even with proper prenatal care delivering preterm still can occur. Premature babies need excessive immediate care to help increase survival and decrease disabilities and disadvantages of being born preterm. Premature infants are born under developed and need intensive care to help make sure they are able to develop outside of the womb and survive with the ability to normally function.Doctors and nurses of the NICU work around the clock to help infants born preterm stabalize and to prepare them for transistion in to the real world. Parents and family all eagerly wait for their infants to be able to go home. Preterm infants need more care than full term infants immediatly following deliver due to the fact that preterm infants should still be developing in the womb.

The Outsiders- Dally

Dallas â€Å"Dally† Winston: Social Clique: Greasers Age: 17 Status: Deceased * Reason- Provoked police to shoot him because he got a heater out. Abilities/ Strengths: Street smart, knows how to use a variety of different weapons like guns, blades, etc. Natural born leader; Strong personality; excellent fighter; stereotypical â€Å"bad boy†. Tougher, colder and meaner than rest of the greasers. His parents were very abusive of him Criminal Past:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The real character of the gang,† Dally was arrested his first time at the age of ten.He spent three years on the â€Å"wild side† of New York and likes to blow off steam in gang fights. He is the most dangerous member of the bunch, but he is still a part of their greaser â€Å"family. Enjoys breaking laws. Known for robbing a lot of stores. Personality Traits: Dallas Winston is seen to be cruel, hardened, and usually lacking concern for others. All of these observations are absolutely true. He is also ru de, unrefined, angry, and typically selfish. He often finds amusement at the expense of others, and is hideously impolite to most everyone, especially girls that he doesn't know.Typically, he finds himself quite indifferent with the opinions of others. Dally has no respect for anyone, especially adults and officials of the law. High school Dropout. Gets angry easily and is mentally unstable. He hardly ever lets any emotion other than anger show. Events: After the Johnny Cade killing a soc incident, it was informed that Dallas Winston helped Ponyboy Curtis and Johnny escape and send them to an abandoned church. He also gave them a gun and some money for buying groceries. This also adds up to Dallas crimes by hiding a criminal.Also known to be bugging to so girls earlier that night. He helped the other two kids on saving the children from the mysterious church fire and injured his arm badly; he was in a good condition compared with his buddy, Johnny. He later escaped the hospital by t hreatening a nurse with a very large blade in order to join a rumble. After watching Johnny Cade’s tragic death, it was learned that he went crazy and robbed another store. This prompted the police to arrive, and after witnessing the large gun that he had, he was shot down by the police. After examining the raits of Dallas Winston, we are pretty sure that Sabrina will make him less tough, mean and cruel with others. Sabrina will respect the law no matter what and will help others to respect it too. Even though Sabrina may not be that street smart, she is very book smart and may also teach Dallas some skills and manners. View on him after death: After reading Ponyboy Curtis award receiving English assignment, (which happened after all of this happened) we can now see that Dally was more than just a criminal. Dally was a misunderstood poor soul like many other gang members during the time.It wasn’t his fault that he was tough, the experiences that happened in his life ma de him that way. I am pretty sure that he wouldn’t like anyone else to be like that. We also learn that Dallas felt very protective of a fellow, deceased greaser, Johnny Cade. Johnny also admired Dallas a lot, and viewed him as a hero. Some people think that Johnny was all that mattered to Dally. In fact, Johnny's life is  so  valuable to him that he doesn't think he can live without Johnny. Pony deals with his grief over Johnny's death by pretending Johnny isn't dead, but Dally snaps goes on an all-out â€Å"suicide mission†.

Bite Me: A Love Story Chapter 12

12.Alchemy The Chinese herb shop smelled like licorice and dried monkey butt. The Animals were piled into the narrow aisle between counters, trying to hide behind Troy Lee's grandmother and failing spectacularly. Behind a glass case, the shopkeeper looked older and more spooky than Grandma Lee, which none of them thought possible until now. It was like he'd been carved from an apple, then left on the windowsill to dry for a hundred years. The walls of the shop were lined, floor to ceiling, with little drawers of dark wood, each with a small bronze frame and a white card with Chinese characters written on it. The old man stood behind glass cases that held all manner of desiccated plant and animal bits, from whole sea horses and tiny birds, to shark parts and scorpion tails, to odd spiky bits that looked like they'd been flown in from another planet. â€Å"What's that?† Drew asked Troy Lee from under a veil of stringy blond hair. He pointed to a wrinkled black thing. Troy Lee said something in Cantonese to Grandma, who said something to the shopkeeper, who barked something back. â€Å"Bear penis,† said Troy Lee. â€Å"Should we score some?† asked Drew. â€Å"For what?† asked Troy. â€Å"An emergency,† said Drew. â€Å"Sure, okay,† said Troy Lee, then he said something to Grandma in Cantonese. There was an exchange with the shopkeeper, after which Troy said, â€Å"How much do you want? It's fifty bucks a gram.† â€Å"Whoa,† said Barry. â€Å"That's expensive.† â€Å"He says it's the best dried bear penis you can buy,† said Troy Lee. â€Å"Okay,† said Drew. â€Å"A gram.† Troy passed the order through Grandma to the shopkeeper. He snipped a tip off a bear penis, weighed it, and placed it on the pile of herbs in the sheet of paper he had laid on the counter for Drew. Grandma's paper was much larger, and the shopkeeper had been tottering around the shop for half an hour gathering the ingredients. At one point when the old man was up on the top of the ladder at the far back corner of the shop, the Animals had leapt the counter and laced their arms together as a human rescue net, which served only to scare the bejeezus out of the shopkeeper and set Grandma off in a tirade of Cantonese scolding, to which they all responded like dogs, paying her rapt attention and tilting their heads as if they actually had some idea of what the fuck she was talking about. Lately the Animals had been all about saving lives. Most of the time, guys their age would be fairly convinced of their immortality, or at least oblivious of their mortality, but since being murdered by a blue hooker turned vampire, then resurrected as vampires, then restored to living by Foo Dog's genetic alchemy, they had been feeling what they could only describe as Jesusy. â€Å"I'm feeling extra Jesusy,† said Jeff, the tall jock. â€Å"I always feel extra Jesusy,† said Clint, who always did. â€Å"Yeah, extra Jesusy, bitches! Let's go save some mother-fuckers!† Lash had shouted, which had sort of embarrassed everyone a little, since they had been sitting around a table in Starbucks at the time, discussing the attack of the cat cloud and the information they'd exchanged with the two homicide cops. â€Å"It's up to us,† Lash added softly, sort of slinking into his hoody and putting on his shades. Now they watched as the old shopkeeper folded up Grandma Lee's bundle of ingredients and tucked in the paper so it was as tight as a toothpick spliff, then flipped the package over and wrote some Chinese characters on the back with a carpenter's pencil. â€Å"What's it say?† Barry asked Troy Lee. â€Å"It says, ‘vampire cat remedy.'† â€Å"No shit?† â€Å"Yeah. Then there's a bunch of warnings about side effects.† An hour later they were sitting around the Lee kitchen table, waiting for the big twenty-quart soup pot on the stove to come to a boil. Grandma Lee rose from her chair and tottered over to the stove with her package of herbs. Troy Lee joined her, helped her unwrap the package, and held the paper away from the burner as she scooped handfuls of herbs and animal parts into the boiling water. Foul and magical fumes bubbled out of the kettle, like the flatulence of dragons on a demon-only diet. â€Å"This really going to work, Grandma?† Troy Lee asked in Cantonese. â€Å"Oh yeah. We used it when I was a girl in China and some vampire cats invaded the city.† â€Å"And they still have the recipe in a shop down on Stockton Street?† â€Å"It's a good recipe.† She scooped the last of the package into the water. â€Å"How do you use this stuff, anyway?† â€Å"With firecrackers.† â€Å"It's wet, how are you going to use firecrackers?† â€Å"I don't know how, I just like firecrackers.† The Animals covered their noses and started filing out of the kitchen. â€Å"That smells like fermented skunk ass,† said Jeff. Grandma said something in Cantonese, followed by â€Å"My bitches,† pronounced in frighteningly accentless English. â€Å"What? What'd she say?† asked Jeff. â€Å"She says, ‘That's how you know it's a good recipe, gents,'† said Troy Lee. THE EMPEROR A dark basement. A thousand sleeping vampire cats. One formerly human vampire. One huge, shaved vampire-cat hybrid. Five matches left. No way out. A half hour, maybe less, until sundown. The Emperor was not a man to use profanity, but after he assessed his situation and burned his fingers with his fourth to last match, he said, â€Å"Well, this blows.† There was no helping it, sometimes a man, even a brave and noble man, must speak the harsh truth, and his situation, did, indeed, blow. He'd tried everything he could think of to escape the basement, from building a stairway to the window with empty fifty-five-gallon drums, to screaming for help like a man on fire, but even on a platform of oil drums he couldn't find the leverage or the strength to move the Dumpster away from the window. He could hear Bummer and Lazarus whimpering outside in the alley. All the other windows had been bricked up, all the steel fire doors were bolted, and, of course, the elevators and cables were long gone from the shafts (which he'd discovered after an hour prying the doors open with a metal support bar he'd taken off one of the shelves where Tommy Flood lay curled up with the Chet-thing). A dusty spray of twilight filtered down the elevator shaft from somewhere above, and it was by this that the Emperor ascertained that there was no way to climb the shaft, and that now it was dangerously close to sundown, as the light had turned a dim orange color. He would fight, oh yes, he would not go down without a battle, but even the magnificently agile little swordsman had gone down to the attacking pounce of cats. What chance did he stand in the dark with only a metal bar? He'd already checked the empty oil drums for accelerants, hoping he might burn his enemies before they awakened, but he'd had no luck. The barrels had had dry goods or something solid in them, and even so, he wasn't sure how he'd avoid being suffocated by burning cat fumes. Then, in thinking about how he might escape the flames, it occurred to him how he might escape. He made his way back to the storeroom where Chet and Tommy lay, and lit one of his precious matches to get his bearings. Yes, there was still a bolt on the door, and in addition there were enough barrels and shelves to construct a barricade beyond that. The match went out and he felt his way across the room until he touched Tommy's back-cold flesh. He took his ex-friend under the armpits and dragged him off the shelf and across the room, bumping through the door-way as he went. He shoved the body to the side and cringed with the crunch it made, falling onto the immobile bodies of dead cats. Back through dark, feeling around until he found Chet's fur. He felt for what he thought were the front paws, then backed across the room again, the huge shaved vampire cat in tow. Chet was lighter than Tommy had been, but not by much, and the Emperor was winded. He couldn't afford to sit. The ray of light in the elevator shaft had gone deep red. He heard Bummer let out a ruff beyond the window. â€Å"Run, men, away! Go away from this place. I'll find you in the morning. Go!† He never raised his voice to the men, even when they were in peril, and he heard Lazarus whimper at his command, but then the sound of Bummer growling while being dragged away by the scruff of his neck. He would get the message after a block or so. The men were safe. He pulled the metal door shut, then yanked on it until he heard a click. Then spent the second to the last of his matches looking at the simple bolt, and taking a last look around the room, trying to memorize the layout of the barrels and shelves that he would have to move in the dark. As the match burned out, he heard stirring in the room outside. There was a rack of metal shelves to the right of the door. He grabbed them and overturned them in the doorway. Yes, the door opened out, but what could it hurt. The more he put between himself and the vampire cats, the better. He scooped up armloads of the clothing at his feet and tossed them over the shelves, then backed across the room, throwing everything he touched in front of him, as if he were tunneling out the other side. Finally, he crawled up in the heavy shelf where Tommy and Chet had been and crouched, facing the door. He felt for the handle of the kitchen knife that he'd tucked in his belt at the small of his back, drew it, and held it before him. There were distinct cat noises-yowls, hisses, and meows, coming from the room outside. They were awake, up, and moving. There was a tentative scratch at the door, then a whirr of scratching, like someone had turned a power sander on outside, then it stopped as quickly as it had started and all he could hear was his own breathing. No. There was movement. The slight rustle of cloth, then a low, trilling purr. And it was coming from inside the door, he was sure of it. The Emperor clamped the knife in his teeth and lit his last match. The room was as he thought it would be, a pile of debris and barrels, but swirling out from under shelving in front of the door was a layer of mist, moving across the floor toward him, undulating in tiny waves that approximated the sound of a purr.

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Methods of Integration as Leadership Tools - Assignment Example According to the paper findings, it can, therefore, be said that there are three types of integration namely: forward/downstream vertical integration, backward/upstream vertical integration, and balanced vertical integration which incorporates upstream and downstream integration. Vertical integration is a situation whereby a company dominates a market by controlling the steps in the production. This is usually from the initial stage of extraction of raw materials, the manufacturing process to the sale of the final product. Vertical integration is best conceptualized through the use of the value chain. For instance; an assembly company may practice backward integration by venturing into manufacturing or forward integration by venturing into distribution. Vertical integration implies that there is a proper communication channel that links the whole corporation with the headquarters. This ensures that each subsidiary can be constantly monitored to enhance efficiency. Vertical integratio n is often seen as a way to exercise effective leadership and proper control in a company. It enables the company to significantly reduce the uncertainties that are usually encountered with the supply chain. Upstream (backward) vertical integration is exhibited when a company has control over subsidiaries that produce inputs used to produce its products. For example, a steel company that owns steel mines where the ore is extracted, coal mines to supply coal and the railroads to transport the raw materials to the factory may be said to practice backward integration. Downstream (forward) vertical integration is exhibited when a company controls the distribution centers and retail outlets where its products are sold. Taking an example of McDonald’s, forward integration would be by way of owning multiple distribution centers and fast food retail outlets.

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Your definition of love - Essay Example Love is a universal phenomenon upon which the human life balances on earth. Any problem occurs to this basic thing will results in threats to human life on earth. The World Wars, conflicts between countries and religions, suicides, killing of innocent people, terrorism, and robbery like antisocial elements are the results of the absence of love. In my opinion, love is an emotion or feeling one may extend towards another. Love has lot of dimensions. A person who loves himself cannot offer divine love towards others because of the conflicts between the self needs and the needs of the person whom he loved. In other words, love is a kind of sacrifice. Without sacrifice love cannot survive. For example, in marital relationship, both the husband and the wife need to sacrifice some of their selfish interests in order to accommodate the interests of other. One may like smoking while the other may not, one may like drinking while the other may not, one may like taking drugs while the other may not. In the absence of love, the above likes and dislikes may create problems in a married life. Phaedrus, one of the seven attendants of Plato’s symposium argued that love is most powerful in helping men gain honor and blessedness whereas Socrates defined love the attainment of immortality (Galloway, 1992). In my opinion both of them are right. Love has all the above dimensions like honouring, blessings and the attainment of immortality. A person who loves others will definitely honour or value them. All the religious leaders are unique in their opinion that loving others is the basic necessity of attaining immortality. Pausanias, another person who attended Plato’s symposium has argued against Phaidros one-dimensional praise of love and introduces the idea of dualism. In his opinion, one type of love is "common", based on sensuality, works at random, and produces children, the other love is "heavenly", based on

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Painter Francisco de Goya - Essay Example Francisco de Goya then moved to paint cartoon design for the royal tapestry factory in Madrid from 1775 to 1792, which was considered as the most important phase in de Goya’s artistic development. This exposure as a tapestry designer provided the experience for de Goya to paint genre paintings or paintings derived from everyday life. It made him a keen observer of everyday behaviour of people which served as the technical foundation for him to paint his later renowned works such as First of May which was a social commentary about peasant’s uprising against French occupation in Spain (www.franciscodegoya.net, 2014). He was also an avid follower of the works of Velazquez that influenced his looser and more spontaneous painting technique. Later, Francisco de Goya explored his method by learning neoclassicism which was gaining popularity over the rococo style during his time. He then became a established portrait painter to the Spanish monarchy where he was elected to the Royal Academy of San Fernando in 1780, named as painter of the king 1786 and a court painter in 1789 (www.franciscodegoya.net, 2014). As a court painter, Goya was fashionable painter and high society portraitist. During the height of his success, De Goya was not only a fashionable court painter but also an advocate of justice and a staunch supporter for ending the war. He is considered as a social recorder of his countrymen’s struggle and travails whose style was associated with â€Å"anciens regimes† or the â€Å"first of the moderns† (Web Gallery of Art, nd). Francisco de Goya’s The Third of May 1808 is his most known artwork. It featured a peasant being shot by a soldier in the middle of a night. It was intentionally painted with the face of the executioner kept to be anonymous to highlight the drama of innocent civilian that was about to be executed. In this particular work, the artistry was

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Social Media for Business Essay Example for Free

Social Media for Business Essay Introduction. The area under discussion in the following assignment is to quantify the possibility of a deviation from accuracy in the fifty samples formed from a selection of data, following their questionnaire rejoinders. Questioning in which there is a relationship between the kinds of social media is and the type of business. Moreover, does this relationship exist for the reason that day by day more people use social media? (NielsenWire, 2010).This assignment’s first directional hypothesis, testing the first question is: The longer a company use the social media, the more improver’s its customer’s relation. This assignment’s second directional hypothesis, testing the second question is: The longer a company use social media, the helpful to raise companies’ profile. This assignment third hypothesis is: The more skilled companies’ employees are in using social media, the more customers attracts to the firm. Firstly this assignment will review the questionnaire follow by my personal critique. Secondly, present its ‘findings in a variety of tables and graphs followed by analyse and discussion relate on the literature review. This assignment will end with a personal suggestion for future research. Questionnaire. According to Sekaran and Bougie 2009, our data collecting method was questionnaire. A questionnaire is a pre-formulated question, in particular written set of questions to which the respondent records his/her answers. Students at Canterbury Christ Church University Worked under the guidance of Zoodikers Consulting Ltd were the general administered of the questionnaire research that had been considered for this assignment. In addition by choosing a questionnaire in the method of collecting data will increase the chance that more people will respond on our survey. Due to the fact that a ‘questionnaire’ can be complied in short period of time and that the exact questionnaire had been contain with close questions. In result, this questionnaire was not monotonous to its targets and it could achieve its aim of research. (Michaelidou, et al, 2011) For this assignment the questionnaires had been mail to the responders with a result of delayed he data analysis and some of them di dn’t return. In my personal opinion, the questionnaire is clear and easy to understand, particularly it include close questions at the beginning and slightly more complex questions later in order to be more clear and easy to the target group. Certain questions have nearly the same meaning such as, question seven with question nine, also the question ‘My company accepts and adapts to new technology’ displays two time on the questionnaire. Also if I were going to do this questioner again, I would situate more questions that can be specific on how the social media help companies raise their profits and also make specific questions on what social media platform companies use and for what main reason do they use each one. For example: Which social platform helps your company raise its relationships with customers, as feedback gathering. and which social media does your company use in advertising and promotion. As well as an issue arises in question three with the time that a company is using social media. Is been consider that is need more time to see the difference on using social media in many factors. It may be restored with longer time between the answers. Perhaps using: 6months, 12 months, 18 months, over than 24 months. In my personal view this information consider more useful. However, the questionnaire perform fair-minded part in not asking personal questions such as, responders name etc.(Fisher, 2010). It leads the respondent over the questionnaire and continues with general questions followed by more focused questions. According to the fact that our target was people who work in companies and by this I mean that people, who have general education level ensure that everyone could answer it easily. For the most part the frequently use of ‘strongly agree’ scale makes it relatively easy for there audience to select answers and become more comfortable with the questions format. An analysis and discussion of results. Primarily, you will note from the first pie chart below that approximately all companies are using social media platforms. In particular, over forty nine samples that filled in only one company do not use social media platform. Another research shows that firms use social media as a daily part of business (Carter, 2011). This authorise that social media proves to be very important for organisations (Shih, 2009), additionally evidence (e.g. Shih, 2009) recommend that social media is one of the most important tool on running a company. In the second pie chart you can see that manufacturing and transport companies do not use social media. According to manufacturing executive (Can Manufacturing use Social Media to improve its image?, 2012) manufacturing lives outside the world of social media se antithesi with transport companies (Social Media in Transportation in 2012, 2012). However, business services companies that have as most important implement the communicate, collaborate and share information (Enders, Hungenberg, Denker, Mauch, 2008) In order to test the first hypothesis we will test the variable: ‘How long has your company been using social media?’ against another variable: ‘Our relations with customers have improved since we started using social media. ’The table below shows the results of a cross tabulation to the question ‘How long has your company been using social media in addition to agreeing with the following statement Our relations with our customers have improved since we stared using social media. A Chi-squared distribution method will be used in this assignment in order to test its hypotheses. Through this test is going to make clear to whether the collected data are close to the results that been expected. The Chi-squared test for the above data is 3.620254 through a significance level of 10% and that means that there is 10/100 possibility that the results that had been gathered are by pure chance. In addition according to the Chi-squared test, the lowest level of confidence that is acceptable is 5%.In other words there is uncertain fact in the first hypothesis. Furthermore, the literature approve that social media is becoming a core element for businesses in the form of Customer Relation Management (CRM) (Beard, 2010).In particular, as well as known as ‘user-generated communication’, create a new source of information by changing the tools and strategies that companies use to communicate and interact with their customers. (Mangold Faulds, 2009). Another finding by Jacques et al (2011) is that internally networked firms share easier information and carriage them on decision making. The below area graph is displaying the results that had been found. From the below chart it is noticed that all companies start using social media more than 4 months. From the time of 4-6 months only 9% ‘strongly agree’ and 36% ‘agree’ to the statement. Companies that using more than a year the social media shows that there are more certain that social media improve their customer relations, which 24% ‘strongly agree’ and 44% ‘agree’ with the statement. To test the second hypothesis, this assignment took the variable ‘How long has your company been using social media?’ compare it with ‘Social media has helped the company to raise its profile’. In other words how do social media have impact on companies’ profit? The below table shows the results: According to the above table you can see that as the time past that a company use social media then the more raise the companies’ profile. The findings noted that of the forty nine individuals only four of them are ‘not sure’ or ‘disagree’ with the fact that social media is increasing a company’s profile. Correspondingly it’s has been note that on the companies that has been using social media for 4-6 months, only one company,9% ‘strongly agree’ and 9 companies 82% ‘agree’ that is effective on the company profit. However with finding, 38% ‘strongly agree’ and 53% ‘agree’ companies that using social media more than a year are further sure that it’s have excessive impact on companies’ profile. The Chi-squared test data is 8.395945 with significant level of 10% which with the intention of this there is 10/100 probability that the findings that had been collected are through pure chance. In other words, due to the fact that the lowest level of significance confidence is been acceptable is 5% this hypothesis is uncertain. Furthermore the fact that Small, Medium Enterprises (SME’s) have found that using social media is a low-cost, affective marketing tool (Fischer, et al 2011) confirm that it’s reduce firms expenses. Moreover, in 2009 Facebook, a social network site had 206.9 million unique visitors globally (NielsenWire, 2010).This information increase and in my way of thinking ensure that firms by using social media are raising their profiles. To test the third hypothesis, this assignment compare the following variables: First, We have become skilled in using social media. with the second, Social media attracts new customers to the company. additionally the following hypothesis will investigate whether there is a difference on how skilled are companies employees in using social media, with how can affect on attracting new customers to the company. On the below table you can see the results of the third hypothesis. Its been recognise that Chi-squared is analyse on how two variables related to each other. In particular by comparing samples we discover whether there is significantly difference from each other. Its ensure us that our scores are not relate on chance. On the third hypothesis, the Chi-squared test data is 36,161934 with significant level of 1% which with the intention of this there is 1/100 probability that the findings collected are by means of pure chance. In other words, the second hypothesis has been confirmed. These all support the literature argument on the strong connection and big influence social media allows firm to have with the customers (Berinato Clark, 2010 cited in Fischer et al 2011).As well as allows for the firm to converse with customers and creating effectively a fan base (Volpe, 2008 Fischer et al 2011). On the other hand others literature arguments show that staff may not be familiar with social networking sites (Michealidou et al 2011) and that some of them ignore social media because they don’t have the knowledge of how to use it to an advantage (Kietzmann et al, 2011). This assignment point to test the results of an open question, nonetheless the few amount of responders on ‘open question’ make it unreliable to compare the relationship between these responses by means of another variable as the information is pure. Conclusion Furthermore the analysed of the statistic data answer the research questions that had been set out in the introduction of this assignment. For the most part, this assignment shows that there is a relationship between the use of social media and their relation with customers. This is due to the good communication channels that contain in social networking sites. Finally, proving that there is a relationship between the skilled an employee is in using social media the more customers will attract to its company. This is the reason that university is making a lot of effort in making student be aware of social media and be able to use the ‘power’ of it. The future research that this assignment could look into is what social media platform companies use and for what main reason do they use each one. Reference Beard, D. (2010) Do it right: Social media for B2B firms, Marketing (00253650), pp. 19-19 Available at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=52909723site=ehost-live (Accessed 25/10/11) Carter, M. (2011) ‘Small but nimble’, Computer Weekly, p. 19. (Accessed: 13 November 2011) Christodoulides, G. (2009). Branding in the post-Internet era. Marketing theory, Vol 9, Issue (1), PP141-144. Sage publications Ltd. Available at: http://mtq.sagepub.com/content/9/1/141.abstract. Date accessed 5/11/11. Constantnides, E. (2008) ‘The Web 2.0 as Marketing Tool: Opportunities for SMEs’ Mendeley,9,3,pp.231-244. [Online] DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.dddmp.4350098 (Accessed: 9 November 2011). Enders et al., 2008A. Enders, H. Hungenberg, H.-P. Denker, S. 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